Below is a list of heat-related illnesses (in descending order of severity) and their symptoms.
HEAT STROKE
Signs of heat stroke include:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Confusion
- Fainting
- High body temperature (more than 40°C/104°F)
There are two types of heat stroke:
- Classic - accompanied by little or no sweating, usually occurring in children, those who are chronically ill, and older adults
- Exertional - accompanied by an increase in core body temperature due to strenuous exercise or occupational exposure in combination with environmental heat. Sweating is usually present.
Heat stroke is considered a medical emergency. Seek emergency help and cool the person down right away.
HEAT EXHAUSTION
Heat exhaustion is caused by excessive loss of water and salt. Symptoms include:
- Heavy sweating
- Weakness
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Fainting
HEAT CRAMPS
Painful muscle cramps caused by a salt imbalance resulting from a failure to replace salt lost through excessive sweating.
HEAT RASH
Red or pink rash usually found on the neck, chest and/or elbow creases, which may give a prickling sensation.
HEAT EDEMA
Heat-induced swelling frequently noticeable in the ankles, feel, and hands. Heat edema is most often seen in people who are not regularly exposed to heat.